Business English: Sumo grapples with slimmer intake

A dearth of new recruits is thinning the ranks of sumo wrestlers, threatening the future of the celebrated but scandal-plagued ancient Japanese sport. Only 56 hefty young trainees have applied to join sumo stables this year, about half standard recruitment levels in the early years of the century and far too few to make up for the 115 wrestlers who left the sport last year, according to the Japan Sumo Association.

The declining enthusiasm for the tough but potentially glamorous life of a sumo wrestler comes as Japan's national sport - which boasts a mythical past and semi-religious pretensions - struggles to rebuild a reputation battered by revelations of bout-fixing, trainee bullying and underworld links.

Fans fret that the shortage of recruits will undermine competition and make it less likely sumo can attract the kind of talent boasted by great champions of the past.

  The scandals are seen as a big factor in declining audiences and loss of sponsors

Shoko Sato, a writer on sumo, said the lack of new trainees reflected the sport's struggle to maintain popularity among young Japanese. "Soccer and the Major League [baseball] have greater appeal for young people now, while sumo has become a sport watched by grannies and granddads," Ms Sato said. "It's really worrying."

The recruitment problem is just one of a litany of woes suffered by sumo in recent years. Claims the sport embodies traditional values of discipline, self-control and moral rectitude have been tarnished by the death during a hazing of a young trainee in 2007 and episodes of illegal gambling and dope-smoking among wrestlers.

In 2010, a yokozuna grand champion resigned after reports he was involved in a drunken brawl and the sumo association was forced to make a formal declaration that the sport would sever links with Japan's yakuza organised crime syndicates.

The scandals are seen as a big factor in declining audiences, with rows of empty seats now a familiar feature of NHK's weekday afternoon television broadcasts of sumo's 15-day tournaments.

The dramatic finale of the autumn competition was watched in 18 per cent of households, according to Video Research - far fewer than the 27 per cent who tuned in for the final day of the tournament in 2009, the last time sumo made it into the annual TV top 20.

Sponsors also appear to be losing interest. Even fast-food chain McDonald's, previously a loyal provider of prize money for sumo's ample-girthed athletes, has not backed a bout since March 2011. Losses at the sumo association have soared, with the sport's governing body suffering a fall of Y4.9bn in the value of its net assets to Y44bn.

Enthusiasts hope that the recent promotion of a new yokozuna champion, the 133kg Harumafuji, will rekindle public interest by setting up a rivalry with the veteran wrestler Hakuho, who had ruled alone as yokozuna for the past 15 tournaments.

However, the fact that both champions come from Mongolia highlights worries about foreign dominance of the top ranks of sumo.

While Ms Sato said many younger Japanese were actually attracted by the increasingly cosmopolitan competitions - which feature grapplers from as far away as Estonia and Egypt - many older fans were distressed by the lack of local champions.

"There needs to be a balance," Ms Sato said.

Additional reporting by Mitsuko Matsutani in Tokyo